低生焦催化裂化催化劑DYC-LC
Low Coke Level FCC Catalyst DYC-LC
重油催化裂化裝置的焦炭產(chǎn)率高引發(fā)諸多問題：如有價值產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)率降低、再生溫度升高加速催化劑水熱失活、再生取熱超負荷迫使原料進料量降低等，因此催化劑生焦率一直是煉廠和催化劑生產(chǎn)商十分關(guān)注的問題。
High yield of coke in RFCC unit may lead to several problems, such as the yield of high value products will drop, increase of regeneration temperature will accelerate the hydrothermal deactivation of catalyst, and overload of regenerative catalyst cooler will reduce the feed quantity of raw material. Hence, refiners and catalyst makers have always attached great importance to coke yield
一般認為，催化裂化催化劑上沉積的焦炭有四種來源：（1）催化焦：裂化反應(yīng)過程中生成的焦炭；（2）可汽提焦：汽提不完全而殘留在催化劑上的重質(zhì)烴類；（3）污染焦：原料中重金屬沉積在催化劑表面上，引起脫氫和縮合反應(yīng)而產(chǎn)生的焦；（4）附加炭：原料中殘?zhí)亢蜕骨吧砦?稠環(huán)芳烴)未轉(zhuǎn)化而直接成焦。這幾種生焦來源雖涵蓋了原料和裝置設(shè)計的因素，但均與催化劑性質(zhì)密切相關(guān)。例如重油催化裂化催化劑為提高重油轉(zhuǎn)化能力而添加活性基質(zhì)材料，但是這種基質(zhì)催化脫氫、縮合等非選擇性反應(yīng)使得干氣和焦炭產(chǎn)率增加。
In general, four types of deposited coke are identified in FCC Catalysts: (1) Catalytic coke - from condensation and dehydrogenation in catalytic cracking reactions. (2) Catalyst-to-oil coke - hydrocarbons entrained in catalyst pores and not removed by the stripper. (3) Contaminant coke - from dehydrogenation and condensation catalyzed by contaminant metal. (4) Additive coke — from unconverted heavy molecules (including residual carbon and the precursor of coke like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) already presented in the feed. Besides the feed and design of units, all these types of coke formation are closely related to the nature of catalyst. For example, active matrix material is added in RFCC catalyst to enhance heavy oil conversion. However, non-selective reactions on this matrix, such as dehydrogenation and condensation, will increase dry gas and coke yield.
山東多友科技有限公司在自身特有的DYC技術(shù)平臺基礎(chǔ)上，通過深入的催化劑構(gòu)效研究，開發(fā)了同時降低焦炭和油漿產(chǎn)率的DYC-LC系列催化劑。
Shandong Duo You Technology Co. Ltd., based on its own proprietary DYC Technology Platform, has developed DYC-LC series catalysts with lower coke and slurry yield through intensive effort on studying structure-activity relationship of FCC catalyst.
1、DYC-LC催化劑的物化性能指標。
1、Physical-chemical Specification of DYC-LC Catalyst
表1 DYC-LC催化劑的物化性能質(zhì)量指標
Table 1 Physical-chemical Specification of DYC-LC Catalyst
*催化劑經(jīng)800oC、100%水蒸氣條件下老化；標準輕柴油進料，460℃反應(yīng)。
*Catalyst steamed under 800oC/100% steam; standard light diesel feed, cracking temperature 460℃.
2. ACE催化裂化性能評價
2、Catalytic Cracking Results of DYC- LC Catalyst on ACE
采用從美國引進的ACE小型固定流化床催化裂化評價裝置，利用國內(nèi)具有代表性的M100催化裂化原料油作為評價原料，對DYC-LC催化劑和國內(nèi)常用的一種催化劑進行了重油催化裂化反應(yīng)評價，由于ACE評價裝置的評價結(jié)果與工業(yè)實際應(yīng)用結(jié)果比較接近，所得的產(chǎn)物分布評價結(jié)果可以作為選劑的參考。原料油性質(zhì)和催化裂化反應(yīng)評價結(jié)果分別見表2和表3。
Taking M100 as a representative catalytic cracking feedstock, performance of DYC-LC and domestic competitive catalyst was tested on ACE fixed fluidized bed introduced from America. Because the results from ACE are very similar to the industrial application results, product distribution of ACE results can be used as a selection agent reference. The feedstock properties and tested results are shown in Table 2 and Table 3.
表 2 M100原料油性質(zhì)
Table 2 Properties of M100 Feedstock
從表2結(jié)果看，該M100原料油的氫含量低、飽和烴低、芳烴和膠質(zhì)高、重金屬和堿性氮高，是一種比較難裂解的催化原料油。
As shown in table 2, the M100 feedstock contains low hydrogen and saturated hydrocarbons, high aromatics and resins, high contaminant metals and basic nitrogen, and is a feedstock which is hard to crack.
表3 ACE催化裂化評價結(jié)果
Table 3 Results of DYC-LC Catalyst on ACE Unit
*催化劑經(jīng)100%水蒸汽，17小時，800℃老化處理；
*Catalyst steamed at 800℃/100% steam/17h;
Table 3 shows that under the same reaction conditions, compared with competitive FCC catalyst, heavy oil conversion for DYC-LC catalyst is 0.87% higher, coke yield is 1.52% lower, gasoline+LCO yield and LPG+gasoline+LCO yield is 1.34% and 2.22% higher respectively, while bottoms yield is 0.51% lower. The results show clearly that DYC-LC catalyst has better performance on both coke selectivity and bottoms cracking.
上述結(jié)果表明：DYC-LC催化劑不僅具有優(yōu)良的降焦炭性能，而且具有很好的重油裂解能力。
Based on the results above, the following observations can be made: DYC-LC catalyst combines not only lower coke selectivity but also higher heavy oil conversion.
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